久しぶりに京都の円通寺に行った時、たまたま和尚からから話を聞く機会があった。
話は多岐にわたりどれも興味深かったが、特に石の話がおもしろかった。
有名な石庭の話はさておき、前庭においてある石、敷石が京都の伝統的な名石などではなく実は大阪中之島にあった昔のビル（西洋風様式）に使われていた石（礎石、外壁）を持ってきて置いたものだと言う。
I visited Entsu-ji temple in Kyoto and had an opportunity to talk to the priest.
His talk was very interesting, especially a story about stones was very exciting to me.
Apart from the famous rock garden (photo above) - I will mention later -, stones on the front garden are not traditionally used for Japanese garden, but those were used for old buildings (western style) in Nakanoshima, Osaka. When those buildings were ruined, a part of stones was brought to this temple.
I visited Entsu-ji temple in Kyoto and had an opportunity to talk to the priest.
His talk was very interesting, especially a story about stones was very exciting to me.
Apart from the famous rock garden (photo above) - I will mention later -, stones on the front garden are not traditionally used for Japanese garden, but those were used for old buildings (western style) in Nakanoshima, Osaka. When those buildings were ruined, a part of stones was brought to this temple.
敷地入り口周辺にある上の写真の敷石は、京都で100年くらい前に初めて路面電車が走りだした頃に使われていた敷石らしい。
Paving stones around the site entrance were used for a paving where the first Kyoto tram were passing about 100 years ago.
Paving stones around the site entrance were used for a paving where the first Kyoto tram were passing about 100 years ago.
西洋風様式のビルの石を禅寺の庭に使うなど、円通寺代々の和尚達は只者ではない。
円通寺には檀家制度がないと和尚が言っていた。その言葉から察するに、檀家がいる寺のように経済支援を受けていないから、代々他の用途に使われていた素材をブリコラージュしながら庭を整備しているのだろう。
話をしてくださった今の和尚も行き場所を失い廃棄されそうな石を裏山にストックしている。
It is quite amazing that the successive Entsu-ji priests converted stones of western style building to Zen garden stones.
He said that they do not have a Danka (a supporter of temple) system. From that word, I assume that they have been maintaining the garden, converting - rather BRICOLAGE - materials which are used for different uses, since they do not have a financial support such as another temple.
The priest I talked to also gathers and stocks disposed stones in the mountain behind.
It is quite amazing that the successive Entsu-ji priests converted stones of western style building to Zen garden stones.
He said that they do not have a Danka (a supporter of temple) system. From that word, I assume that they have been maintaining the garden, converting - rather BRICOLAGE - materials which are used for different uses, since they do not have a financial support such as another temple.
The priest I talked to also gathers and stocks disposed stones in the mountain behind.
現在敷地内に新築している蔵も石柱やブリコラージュでできたような塀など純和風とは言いがたい只ならぬ雰囲気を持っていた。鬼瓦は鬼師に頼まず現代彫刻家に頼んでいてもうすぐできるらしい。やはり只者ではない。
The warehouse which is being constructed on the same site has stone columns and bricolaged stone walls which do not seem purely Japanese. It looks sort of funky. A Onigawara (ridge-end tile, traditionally the face of a demon) is not being made by Onishi (Onigawara craftman) but is done by a contemporary sculptor. How funky....
The warehouse which is being constructed on the same site has stone columns and bricolaged stone walls which do not seem purely Japanese. It looks sort of funky. A Onigawara (ridge-end tile, traditionally the face of a demon) is not being made by Onishi (Onigawara craftman) but is done by a contemporary sculptor. How funky....
そうやって話を聞いていると違和感を感じた玄関のコラージュされたような石貼りの床も、このお方がやっているのかと妙に納得する。
I was kind of convinced that he might have done also the entrance pavement collaged with different types of stone (photo below) which I have never seen in Japanese temples.
I was kind of convinced that he might have done also the entrance pavement collaged with different types of stone (photo below) which I have never seen in Japanese temples.
この床を見た時、Bruno Vaeriniのベルガモにあるレストランの床を思い出した。彼も石切り場で不完全に切りだされた大理石（一般的には美しくないとされ安い）を集めてきてブリコラージュするように床を作ったと言っていた。二人とも同じことをしている。
This pavement reminds me of the pavement of restaurant done by Bruno Vaerini in Bergamo. Bruno once told me that he saw imperfect marbles (cheap in general) in a quarry and came up with this design of collaged pavement.
This pavement reminds me of the pavement of restaurant done by Bruno Vaerini in Bergamo. Bruno once told me that he saw imperfect marbles (cheap in general) in a quarry and came up with this design of collaged pavement.
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| Ristorante Monna Lisa, Bruno Vaerini |
石の転用は古代ローマ時代からされていたようで、石棺や記念碑が建物の一部に使われていることがある。
A diversion of stones has been done from ancient Roman times. Gravestones, memorial plaques, etc are used for a part of building.
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| 石棺を建材へ転用している大工達 Carpenters converting gravestones to a part of building Designed by R.Rachini |
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| Portico d'ottavia, Roma |
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| Basilica di San Lorenzo, Milano 礎石にはローマ時代の円形劇場の一部が使われている。 A foundation stone is a part of roman amphitheatre. |
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| Palazzo Abatellis, Palermo, Carlo Scarpa |
どの事例も時代や様式を超えて石が使われ、場所、建物自体がアーカイブとなっている。
純日本様式と勝手に思っていた円通寺でも、元々西洋様式として使われていた石が転用され置かれている。
様式を装飾的に折衷したりコラージュをしていた80年代のポストモダン建築よりもポストモダニズム的なことがなされている。
最初に載せた円通寺石庭の写真に話は戻るが、「今はなき昔の建物の遺された礎石を庭石として捉え、過去を想起する場所、というのが日本庭園元来のあり方だったんじゃないか」という、ある方の衝撃的な説がある。
そうすると、円通寺の石庭にも昔の建物の礎石が使われているかもしれないし（事実どうであるかよりも、そういう見方もできる）、代々の和尚達が行っていた石の転用、ブリコラージュもむしろ正統な方法じゃないだろうか。比叡山を借景にすることも、そのブリコラージュ的方法に含まれると思う。
In every example, stones are converted beyond style and era. Sites and buildings itself have become an "Archive".
Even Entsu-ji - which I thought was pure Japanese style - has stones which used to be a part of western style buildings.
It seems to me more Postmodern than postmodern buildings of 80's which were just collaged styles decoratively.
Turning back to the first photograph of famous Zen rock garden, according to the shocking theory I heard of, "A Japanese garden was originally the place to remember the past, having foundation stones of ruined buildings as garden rocks."
That means that the famous rock garden of Entsu-ji (first photo) might also have foundation stones of ruined buildings to remember the past - what matters is not the truth, but the fact that we can interpret this garden in this way too.-, and the diversion and bricolage of stones which successive Entsu-ji priests have been doing is rather a legitimate method. Shakkei of Mt. Hiei (making use of the surrounding landscape in the garden, this rock garden is also designed to have a view to Mt. Hiei behind) is also a part of this Bricolage method, I think.
